Spot On is spot on! The most popular course in South Africa, Spot On has everything a learner needs in one book. Spot On improves results, makes learning enjoyable, makes teaching a pleasure and is easy to use. The Spot On Teacher’s Guide comes with printable planning material, Formal Assessment Tasks, revision tests and exams.

Spot On is spot on! The most popular course in South Africa, Spot On has everything a learner needs in one book. Spot On improves results, makes learning enjoyable, makes teaching a pleasure and is easy to use. The Spot On Teacher’s Guide comes with printable planning material, Formal Assessment Tasks, revision tests and exams.

Spot On is spot on! The most popular course in South Africa, Spot On has everything a learner needs in one book. Spot On improves results, makes learning enjoyable, makes teaching a pleasure and is easy to use. The Spot On Teacher’s Guide comes with printable planning material, Formal Assessment Tasks, revision tests and exams.

Spot On is spot on! The most popular course in South Africa, Spot On has everything a learner needs in one book. Spot On improves results, makes learning enjoyable, makes teaching a pleasure and is easy to use. The Spot On Teacher’s Guide comes with printable planning material, Formal Assessment Tasks, revision tests and exams.

A wealthy merchant's memoranda of sales reveals a wealth of fascinating detail. Over a period of eleven years from 1529 to his death, the wealthy London alderman, mercer and Merchant Adventurer Sir Thomas Kytson (1485-1540) recorded many of his commercial dealings in his 'Boke of Remembraunce'. This fascinating document, edited here for the first time, provides details not only of his purchases of cloth and the shipments of these to the annual marts held in the Low Countries, but also the sales of fabrics, spices, and other goods imported on the returning ships to Kytson's fellow merchants of London, members of the gentry, and others. Alongside these, there are memoranda of the delivery of materials to Kytson's wife and friends, and of some of his other personal concerns. The volume thus offers a colourful and detailed picture of the private and commercial life of a leading Londoner in the years around the English Reformation. Kytson's own 'Boke' is here collated with a separate record of exports to the Flemish marts in Antwerp and Bergen-op-Zoom kept by the mercer's clerks, and supplemented by an account of transactions at the 'Synxten Mart' at Antwerp in 1536, written by Sir Thomas's nephew, Thomas Washington. The material is complemented with extensive annotation and a comprehensive glossary, an introduction and substantial indices. COLIN J. BRETT'S published writings include volumes for the Somerset Record Society and paperson regional historical topics.

Spot On is spot on! The most popular course in South Africa, Spot On has everything a learner needs in one book. Spot On improves results, makes learning enjoyable, makes teaching a pleasure and is easy to use. The Spot On Teacher’s Guide comes with printable planning material, Formal Assessment Tasks, revision tests and exams.

Spot On is spot on! The most popular course in South Africa, Spot On has everything a learner needs in one book. Spot On improves results, makes learning enjoyable, makes teaching a pleasure and is easy to use. The Spot On Teacher’s Guide comes with printable planning material, Formal Assessment Tasks, revision tests and exams.

A local reporter working for a small newspaper comes into possession of classified documents proving a government take over is in the works. The novel though fiction feels like it comes from today's headlines. In a world where events are not what they seem, this book does make you say hmmm...

Water management, soil conservation, sustainable animal husbandry . . . because such socio-environmental challenges have been faced throughout history, lessons from the past can often inform modern policy. In this book, case studies from a wide range of times and places reveal how archaeology can contribute to a better understanding of humans' relation to the environment.
"The Archaeology of Environmental Change" shows that the challenges facing humanity today, in terms of causing and reacting to environmental change, can be better approached through an attempt to understand how societies in the past dealt with similar circumstances. The contributors draw on archaeological research in multiple regions--North America, Mesoamerica, Europe, the Near East, and Africa--from time periods spanning the Holocene, and from environments ranging from tropical forest to desert.
Through such examples as environmental degradation in Transjordan, wildlife management in East Africa, and soil conservation among the ancient Maya, they demonstrate the negative effects humans have had on their environments and how societies in the past dealt with these same problems. All call into question and ultimately refute popular notions of a simple cause-and-effect relationship between people and their environment, and reject the notion of people as either hapless victims of unstoppable forces or inevitable destroyers of natural harmony.
These contributions show that by examining long-term trajectories of socio-natural relationships we can better define concepts such as sustainability, land degradation, and conservation--and that gaining a more accurate and complete understanding of these connections is essential for evaluating current theories and models of environmental degradation and conservation. Their insights demonstrate that to understand the present environment and to manage landscapes for the future, we must consider the historical record of the total sweep of anthropogenic environmental change.

Through his training and experience as a U.S. Marine and his in-depth research of the topics covered in this book, J. Brett Earnest shares information that could save you and your family when terrorists strike.

· Should you fight, or remain passive? · What is a dirty bomb and what should you do if one explodes nearby? · How do you decontaminate yourself using items found in your home after a radiological, chemical, or biological agent attack? · Where can you find safe drinking water in an emergency?· What can you do to save yourself from knives, clubs, or gunfire?· How do you find or create shelter to save you and your family from blasts, poisons, or radiation? · What are your options for survival when riding mass transit buses, trams, and boats?· What supplies should you have in your shelter, and how much of each item?· Which kinds of radios and telephones are reliable in an emergency?

The answers to these questions and more are in this book, possibly making it the most important book you will ever buy.

Through his training and experience as a U.S. Marine and his in-depth research of the topics covered in this book, J. Brett Earnest shares information that could save you and your family when terrorists strike.

· Should you fight, or remain passive? · What is a dirty bomb and what should you do if one explodes nearby? · How do you decontaminate yourself using items found in your home after a radiological, chemical, or biological agent attack? · Where can you find safe drinking water in an emergency?· What can you do to save yourself from knives, clubs, or gunfire?· How do you find or create shelter to save you and your family from blasts, poisons, or radiation? · What are your options for survival when riding mass transit buses, trams, and boats?· What supplies should you have in your shelter, and how much of each item?· Which kinds of radios and telephones are reliable in an emergency?

The answers to these questions and more are in this book, possibly making it the most important book you will ever buy.

In From Huhugam to Hohokam: Heritage and Archaeology in the American Southwest, J. Brett Hill examines the history of O'odham heritage as it was recorded at the beginning of European conquest. A parallel history of scientific exploration is then traced forward to produce intricate models of the coming and going of ancient peoples. Throughout this history, Native accounts were routinely dismissed as an inferior kind of knowledge. More recently, though, a revolutionary change has taken hold in archaeology as Native insights and premises are integrated into scientific thought. Integration was once suspected of undermining basic principles of knowledge, but J. Brett Hill contends that it provides a deeper and more accurate sense of the connection between living and ancient people. Hill combines three decades of experience in archaeology with a liberal arts perspective to produce something for readers at all levels in the fields of anthropology, Native American studies, history, museum studies, and other heritage disciplines

On a late November morning in 1864, Col. Kit Carson and his U.S. troops, under orders from the commander of the New Mexico Military Department, attacked Kiowa Chief Doh?san's winter village in the Texas Panhandle. Warriors retaliated with stiff resistance as their women and children escaped. Fighting proceeded down the Canadian River to the abandoned trading post of Adobe Walls as hundreds more Kiowas and Comanches joined the battle. Nearing sunset, Carson's troops burned Doh?san's village, and although remarkably few lives were lost in the battle itself, the enduring consequences were hardly insignificant. Well-known as an explorer, guide, and frontiersman, Carson's involvement at the First Battle of Adobe Walls has been overlooked. Beginning his research in the 1990s, Alvin Lynn set out to fill that void when he located and walked the 200-mile-long wagon road from Fort Bascom to Adobe Walls and collected 1,800 metal artifacts from 15 historic camps, including the burned Kiowa village. Among the recovered artifacts were fired friction primers verifying the placement of howitzers at the battle site. With nearly eighty battle site and artifact photographs taken by renowned photographer Wyman Meinzer, Kit Carson and the First Battle of Adobe Walls documents Carson's military expedition from Fort Bascom to Adobe Walls and Lynn's own journey more than a century later to discover what really happened.

In From Huhugam to Hohokam: Heritage and Archaeology in the American Southwest, J. Brett Hill examines the history of O'odham heritage as it was recorded at the beginning of European conquest. A parallel history of scientific exploration is then traced forward to produce intricate models of the coming and going of ancient peoples. Throughout this history, Native accounts were routinely dismissed as an inferior kind of knowledge. More recently, though, a revolutionary change has taken hold in archaeology as Native insights and premises are integrated into scientific thought. Integration was once suspected of undermining basic principles of knowledge, but J. Brett Hill contends that it provides a deeper and more accurate sense of the connection between living and ancient people. Hill combines three decades of experience in archaeology with a liberal arts perspective to produce something for readers at all levels in the fields of anthropology, Native American studies, history, museum studies, and other heritage disciplines

Water management, soil conservation, sustainable animal husbandry . . . because such socio-environmental challenges have been faced throughout history, lessons from the past can often inform modern policy. In this book, case studies from a wide range of times and places reveal how archaeology can contribute to a better understanding of humans' relation to the environment.
"The Archaeology of Environmental Change" shows that the challenges facing humanity today, in terms of causing and reacting to environmental change, can be better approached through an attempt to understand how societies in the past dealt with similar circumstances. The contributors draw on archaeological research in multiple regions--North America, Mesoamerica, Europe, the Near East, and Africa--from time periods spanning the Holocene, and from environments ranging from tropical forest to desert.
Through such examples as environmental degradation in Transjordan, wildlife management in East Africa, and soil conservation among the ancient Maya, they demonstrate the negative effects humans have had on their environments and how societies in the past dealt with these same problems. All call into question and ultimately refute popular notions of a simple cause-and-effect relationship between people and their environment, and reject the notion of people as either hapless victims of unstoppable forces or inevitable destroyers of natural harmony.
These contributions show that by examining long-term trajectories of socio-natural relationships we can better define concepts such as sustainability, land degradation, and conservation--and that gaining a more accurate and complete understanding of these connections is essential for evaluating current theories and models of environmental degradation and conservation. Their insights demonstrate that to understand the present environment and to manage landscapes for the future, we must consider the historical record of the total sweep of anthropogenic environmental change.

The Social Construction of Communities draws on archaeological research in the Southwest to examine how communities are created through social interaction. The archaeological record of the Southwest is important for its precise dating, exceptional preservation, large number of sites, and length of occupation-making it most intensively researched archaeological regions in the world. Taking advantage of that rich archaeological record, the contributors to this volume present case studies of the Mesa Verde, Rio Grande, Kayenta, Mogollon, and Hohokam regions. The result is an enhanced understanding of the ancient Southwest, a new appreciation for the ways in which humans construct communities and transform society, and an expanded theoretical discussion of the foundational concepts of modern social theory.

Battles of the Red River War unearths a long-buried record of the collision of two cultures.
In 1874, U.S. forces led by Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie carried out a surprise attack on several Cheyenne, Comanche, and Kiowa bands that had taken refuge in the Palo Duro Canyon of the Texas panhandle and destroyed their winter stores and horses. After this devastating loss, many of these Indians returned to their reservations and effectively brought to a close what has come to be known as the Red River War, a campaign carried out by the U.S. Army during 1874 as a result of Indian attacks on white settlers in the region. After this operation, the Southern Plains Indians would never again pose a coherent threat to whites' expansion and settlement across their ancestral homelands.
Until now, the few historians who have undertaken to tell the story of the Red River War have had to rely on the official records of the battles and a handful of extant accounts, letters, and journals of the U.S. Army participants. Starting in 1998, J. Brett Cruse, under the auspices of the Texas Historical Commission, conducted archeological investigations at six battle sites. In the artifacts they unearthed, Cruse and his teams found clues that would both correct and complete the written records and aid understanding of the Indian perspectives on this clash of cultures.
Including a chapter on historiography and archival research by Martha Doty Freeman and an analysis of cartridges and bullets by Douglas D. Scott, this rigorously researched and lavishly illustrated work will commend itself to archeologists, military historians and scientists, and students and scholars of the Westward Expansion.